C₁₈₇H₂₉₁N₄₅O₅₉ · 4113.58 g/mol

Semaglutide

Semaglutide is a synthetic glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist with 94% structural homology to native human GLP-1. The compound features two amino acid substitutions (Aib at position 8, Arg at position 34) and a C18 fatty acid chain attached via a γ-glutamic acid spacer to enable albumin binding and extended half-life. Originally developed by Novo Nordisk, semaglutide has been the subject of extensive Phase 3 clinical research (SUSTAIN, STEP, SELECT trial series) exploring its effects on glycemic control, body weight, and cardiovascular outcomes. Its long elimination half-life (~165 hours) makes it suitable for once-weekly research dosing protocols.